Forging-die



C. F. SULTEMEYEH. FORGING DIES. APPLICATION FILED IIINEza. I9I9.

Patented Oct. 12, 1920.

O22@ 2 l 26 L o 'solid bar without waste of material.

Unirse starts erENT ortica.

CHARLES F. SULTEMEYER, OF OAK PARK, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO CHICAGO lMAN'U- FACTURING .AND DISTRIBUTING CO., A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

FORGINGr-DIE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct. Y12, 1920.

Application filed June 23, 1919. Serial No. 306,058.

To @ZZ 'whom it' may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES E. SUI/rn- MnYnR, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Oak Park, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Forging-Dies, of which the following is a specification, and which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

rIhe invention relates to dies for forging annular machine parts and the like from a l/Vhile annular forgings have heretofore been produced by first upsetting an end portion of a solid bar and then punching longitudinally through the resulting enlargement or head whereby the part removed is retained as an integral part of the original bar and there is no loss of material in the forging opera tion, it has not been possible to obtain such accuracy in the production of these forgings as would permit of theiruse as machine parts without subsequent finishing embodying the removal of considerable amounts of material with cutting tools. Furthermore, the forgings produced by this method, as

heretofore practised, have not been adapted v for hardening by heat treatment without other preparatory operations.

The present invention accordingly has for its object the provision of improved dies designed to secure the greatest accuracy in the formation of annular forgings from a solid bar with the proper working of the metal for obtaining the requisite density and strength to permit the forgings to withstand subsequent hardening by heat treatment and severe service in use.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation showing one of a pair of die blocks embodying the features of improvement provided by the invention,together with the associated punches and a bar of stock upon which one step of the forging operation has been performed,

the said bar of stock being partly in section,

Fig. 2 is similar to Fig, 1, but shows the punches fully entered in the die block with the completed forging, in section, resting in the corresponding die and the bar of stool; in of the pun-eh,

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of thercompleted forging, partly in section, n

F ig. 4 is a detail plan view of a vforging press with the improved diesmounted therein, the die blocks being closed upon a bar of stock and the punches fully entered. and

Fig. 5 is a detail end elevation of the forging press with the die blocks in Aopen or separated position.

. The particular apparatus selected for the purpose of illustrating the invention is de'- signed for forging roller bearing races of the form shown at 10 in Fig. 3 from a solid round bar, as l1, (Figs. 1 and 2). This roller bearing race has a beveled interior surface 12, a bulging exterior surface 13, and flattened ends 111 and 15. In the use of the improved dies, it is proposed that machine parts, a's for example, the said roller bearing race 10, are to be produced from high carbon steel or steel alloy and so faccurately forged that no machine work with cutting tools will be required to be done upon them, but only such grinding as may be necessary to remove fins and the like, smooth the edges, as 111, 15, and polish the wearing surface 12. Under' these circum-V stances, no carbonization or case hardening is required, but machine parts of superior quality will be produced if the forgings are merely quenched in oil from a temperature above decalescence for the particular steel or steel alloy employed.

rlhe original bar, as 11, may. accordingly be of chrome steel, preferably containing .90 and 1.00 per cent. .carbonv and between 1.25 and 1.40 per cent, chromium, and the size of the bar is desirably about the same as the smallest interior diameter of the completed forging. heated to a forging temperature at one end and each forging operation is performed in steps by two dies 16, 17, and the corresponding punches 18, 19.

To permit the insertion of the bar, as 11,

and its transfer from one to the other of the dies 16, 17, each of said dies is formed inl W hen such a bar is used it is of the dies 16, 17, are each set into the corresponding die blocks 20, 21, and permanentlysecured therein. To prevent relative displacement of the two parts of the dies when closed upon the work, the two die blocks 20, 21, are preferably formed with an intcrcolating -rib 22'and groove 23 extending across the meeting faces of the same.

In practice, the two die blocks 2O and -21 may be mounted in a forging press of well known )construction comprising movable and fixed jaws 24 and 25 and a reciprocating plunger 26, the latter serving to carry the punches 18 and 19. Y When so mounted die blocks 20, 21, have relative movement vto open and close the two parts of the dies 16, 17, upon the work and the punches 18, 19 move longitudinally into the said dies when closed. As the said dies and punches are operable upon only an end portion '.of the bar, as 11, the die blocks 20 and 21 are each grooved in alinement with the corresponding die parts, as at 27 and 28, to receive the` bar, the grooves 27, in alinement with die 16 being shallower than the grooves 28, in alinement with die 17, to permit the bar, as 11, being firmly gripped between the die blocks'20, 21, and securely held thereby during the operation of punch 18 and die 16,' while allowing the bar 11 to be 'moved between the die blocks 20, 21, Y bythe advancing plunger 19.

VAs shown, die 16 is formed to provide 'a socket 29 having a rounded inner end 30 and the corresponding punch 18 is formed with a rounded head 31. Vllhe operation of punch 18 and die 16 is therefore to upsetA the'he'ated end ofthe firmly heid bar, ask

11, leaving the same with an enlarged head 32, having a cupped end 33. As the bar 11 is to vbefrmly held between the die. blocks V20 'and 21 during this operation it is, of

course, important that the bar shall be heated to a forging temperature only in the portion immediately adjacent its end'for the part of the barin rear Yof the die. 16 must be sufficiently cold to resist the gripping .ac-

tion 'of the die "blocks.

After the e'nd portion of the bar has been upset bythe coactionof the ldie 16 and Apunch 18 4to form the enlarged head 32, the die Vblocks 20,21, are separated by lateral movement Vofthe die block 20. While so .separated'the bar 11 is transferred to the Vthe adjacent portion of the bar rests in the Igroove or channel 28. Theldieblocks 20, 21,

arel thenjclosed upon the -bar and the plunger 26 'isragain advanced to enter the punche's18, v19, in the corresponding dies'.

' During this 4part ofthe operation, the move-V mentio'f punch 18 into die 1 6 is idle, but the operation ofl punch -'19H'h'as to irst'pierce the enlarge`dlread"-32, then expand the ring so formed against the side walls of die 17, and finally compress the ring in the direction of the axis of the punch and die. F or this purpose the Vpunch 19 is formed with a cylindrical forward portion 34, a tapering intermediate portion 35 and an abutment shoulder 36, located `immediately beyond' the tapering portion 35. As shown, the cylindrical forward end portion 34 of the punch 19 is of the same size as the bar 11. In piercing' the enlarged head v32, it accordingly forces the bar backwardly in the channel 28, the part removed from the central portion of the enlarged head 32 being retained as an integral part of the bar.

Die 17 like die 16, .is formed to provide a socket 37 and in each of these dies the side wall of the corresponding socket, 29 or 37, is cylindrical for a substantial distance adjacent Vthe mouth of the socket. In die 17, however, theside wall of the socket is undercut adjacent the inner end of the socket thereby providing' an lannular rounded channel 38 which conforms in shape with the bulging exterior surface of the machine part 10 and into which the material is expanded by the tapering intermediate portion 35 of the punch 19. After this Yexpansion of the material it is compressed by the engagement therewith of the sho`ulderr36, thereby insuring the accurate conformation of the interior and exterior surfaces of the finished forging with the tapering intermediate portion 35 of the punch andthe rounded undercut portion 38 of the die respectively. The compression of the mrteria-l by the shoulder 36 is also important engagement with the `side wall of the die socket during ithe compression of the inaterial lbetween the'coperating punch andY die members. Accurate centering of each punch in the corresponding die is thereby insured and uniform thickness of material throughout 'the circumference of the finished machine partis obtained. Y

During withdrawal of the punch 19, the Vcompleted forging is retainedwithin the dieV 17 by its engagement'with the undercut side f wallof the die and the :forging is'thus stripped from the cylindrical forward end portion 3a of the punch. As soon as the punch has become disengaged from the completed forging the latter is .removed `from the die 17 by separation of 'the die bloks Iso 20 and 21.V The mechanism for operating the plunger 26,-carrying the punches 125, 19, and for moving the jaw 24, carrying die block 20,7forms no part of the present invention and being of Vwell known construction in forging machinesnow in use, is not illustrated in the drawing. The close fitting of the rib 22 on die block 2O in the groove 23 of die block 21 is of importance for maintaining accurate register of the two parts of the'dies, particularly during compression of the forging in die 17 by the engagement therewith of the shoulder 36 on punch 19.

1 claim as my invention:

1. A forging apparatus comprising, in combination, a socketed die block having a central opening of less diameter than the socket extending through the same from the ioor of the socket, the side wall of the socket being cylindrical for a substantial distance adjacent the mouth of the socket, and a punch having a cylindrical body portion closely fitting the said cylindrical portion of the die block socket and a forming head of a size not exceeding the diameter of the cylindrical body portion located in advance of the said body portion.

2. A forging apparatus comprising, in combination, a socketed die block having a central opening of less diameter than the socket extending through the same from the ioor of the socket, the side wall of the socket being cylindrical for a substantial distance adjacent the mouth of the socket and undercut adjacent the floor of the socket, and a punch having a cylindrical body portion closely fitting the cylindrical portion of the die block socket, a cylindrical piercing projection at its forward end tting the die block opening and a tapering intermediate portion extending between the said piercing projection and the body portion.

3. A forging apparatus comprising, in combination, a socketed die block having a central opening of lessdiameter than the socket extending through the same from the floor of the socket, the side wall of the socket being cylindrical for a substantial distance adjacent the mouth of the socket and undercut adjacent the floor of the socket, and a punch having a cylindrical body portion closely fitting the cylindrical portion of the die block socket, a cylindrical piercing projection at its forward end fitting the die block opening and a tapering intermediate portion extending between the said piercing projection and the body portion, the largest diameter of the tapering intermediate portion of the punch being less than the diameter of its said cylindrical body portion whereby a forwardly facing annular abutment shoulder is provided the forward 'and of the said cody portion.

Y 4. A forging apparatus comprising, in combination, a socketed die block having a central opening of less diameter than the socket extending through the same from the floor of the socket, the side wall of the socket being cylindrical for a substantial distance adjacent thev mouth `of the socket, and a punch having a cylindrical body portion closely litting the said cylindrical portion of the die block socket, a cylindrical pierc ing projection at its forward end fitting the die block opening and a forwardly facing annular abutment shoulder at the advance end of the said cylindrical body portion, and a forming head of a size not exceeding the diameter of the cylindrical body portion located in advance of the said body portion.

5. A forging apparatus comprising, in combination, a longitudinally divided socketed die block having a central opening of less diameter than the socket extending through the same from the iioor of the socket, the side wall of the socket being cylindrical for a substantial distance adjacent the mouth of the socket and the named parts of the die block being each partially formed in the dierent divisions of the block, and a punch having a cylindrical body portion closely fitting the said cylindrical portion of the die block socket and a forming head of a size not exceeding the diameter of the cylindrical Vbody portion located in advance of the said body portion.

6. A forging apparatus comprising, in combination, a longitudinally divided socketed die block having a central opening of less diameter than the socket extending through the same from the floor of the socket, the side wall of the socket being cylindrical for a substantial distance adjacent the mouth of the socket and undercut adja cent the floor of the socket, the named parts of the die block being each partially formed in the different divisions of the block, and a punch having a cylindrical body portion closely fitting the cylindrical portion of the die block socket, a cylindrical piercing projection at its forward end fitting the die block opening and a tapering intermediate portion extending between the said piercing projection and the body portion.

r. A forging apparatus comprising, in combination, a longitudinally divided socketed die block, the .plane of division of the block extending centrally through its socket and the meeting faces of the parts of the die block being formed with a transverseV intercolating tongue and groove, and a punch entering the die block socket.

8. A forging apparatus comprising, in combination, a longitudinally divided socketed die block having an opening extending longitudinally through the same from the oor cf the socket, tile piane of division of combination, a longitudinally divided socketed die block,A the plane of division of the block extending through the die socket, nteroolatng projections and sockets on the meeting faces of the parts of the die block u and a punch entering the die socket. Y

. CHARLES F. SULTEMEYER. 

